Turkey
Coastal towns and Istanbul combine affordable living with strong cuisine.
Important Notice: No Individual Advice
The information provided is for general informational purposes only and does not constitute individual legal, tax, or financial advice. Please consult qualified professionals for personal decisions.
Key Metrics
Cost of Living
Cost Breakdown
Quality of Life
Taxes
Tax information for Turkey
Tax resident after 6 months or with life center in Turkey
2024
End of March of following year
No - worldwide income
Income Tax
Progressive system on worldwide income
| From | To | Rate |
|---|---|---|
| €0 | €3,300 | 15% |
| €3,300 | €6,900 | 20% |
| €6,900 | €17,400 | 27% |
| €17,400 | €90,000 | 35% |
| €90,000 | Unlimited | 40% |
High inflation leads to frequent adjustments of tax rates
Pension Tax
Pensions taxed at lower minimum rate
Foreign pensions may benefit under double tax treaties
Capital Gains Tax
No capital gains tax on stock sales (exchange)
Real estate sales after 5 years tax-free
Dividend Tax
15% withholding tax on dividends
Wealth Tax
No wealth tax, but property tax on real estate
VAT
20%Important Notice
This is not tax advice. Turkish tax system changes frequently. Consult a Turkish tax advisor.
This is not tax, legal, or investment advice. Tax laws change frequently and can be complex. The information provided is for general informational purposes only. Please consult a tax advisor licensed in Turkey for your specific situation.
Healthcare
Healthcare in Turkey
SGK universal + private
SGK or private
Expat Access
After residency/SGK contribution
Excellent in Istanbul/Ankara
€40-100/month recommended
Climate Change & Future Outlook
Climate risks in Turkey
Turkey: Huge, diverse. Mediterranean drying (-10% precipitation), Anatolia extremely hot, Istanbul/Ankara suffering. Glaciers melting. ND-GAIN #64/#145.
Climate Scenarios
Switch between IPCC SSP pathways
SSP2-4.5
Current policy trajectory – ~2.7°C warming by 2100, moderate mitigation.
Values are approximations relative to our SSP2-4.5 baseline. They illustrate directional change, not exact national projections.
Overall Climate Risk
Projected risk index (0 = low risk, 100 = extreme risk)
Risk Categories
Personal climate risk assessment
Tune the analysis to your health profile and comfort level.
Age group
Sensitivity
Risk tolerance
Personalized risk index
Current level: Very High
Priority risks
Water & Drought
Base 80 → Personal 80
Heat Stress
Base 78 → Personal 78
What to prioritize
- •Check long-term water security and avoid regions with frequent restrictions.
- •Prioritise shaded neighborhoods, AC-ready apartments, and early-morning routines.
- •Budget for higher insurance/utilities and diversify income streams against climate shocks.
Adaptation Measures
- •€10B climate fund, Southeast Anatolia irrigation
- •Avoid Mediterranean summer, conserve water
Climate Resilience
ND-GAIN #64/#145. Large economy helps. Political instability hinders.
Tips
- 💡Istanbul OK (but hot). Anatolia/Mediterranean extreme. Black Sea better.
- 💡Water scarcer: -10% precipitation Mediterranean!
Pros
- •Large economy, diverse regions, Black Sea moderate
Cons
- •Mediterranean -10% precipitation, glaciers melting, Anatolia desert
Notes
Huge & diverse. Mediterranean drying, Anatolia becoming desert. Glaciers melting. Istanbul hot, but Black Sea region better. Large economy helps adaptation.
Data sources
Scientific Disclaimer
Climate projections are based on models with inherent uncertainties. Actual outcomes may differ. We present mainstream scientific consensus (IPCC) but acknowledge uncertainty ranges. This is not financial advice. Consult climate scientists and experts for specific decisions.
Safety & Security
Safety & Crime in Turkey
Safety Indicators
Comparison with DACH Region
For comparison: Germany (CPI: 78), Austria (CPI: 71), Switzerland (CPI: 82)
Notes
Standard precautions recommended in urban areas.
Visa & Immigration
Immigration Options for Turkey
Visa Options
Short-Term Residence Permit
For retirees
Citizenship by Investment
From $400k real estate
Path to Permanent Residency
Permanent residency after 8 years. Citizenship after 5 years or by investment.
Important Notice
Visa and immigration regulations change frequently. The information provided is for general informational purposes only. Please consult the official government website or an immigration attorney for current and accurate information.
Climate
Data Sources & Updates
Data Sources
- OECD Tax Database(OECD Terms of Use)
- NOAA Climate Data(Public Domain)
- WHO Global Health Observatory(CC BY-NC-SA 3.0)
- World Bank World Development Indicators(CC BY 4.0)
- Numbeo(User-Generated Data)
- Numbeo Quality of Life Index(CC BY 4.0)